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“Zovirax to the rescue”
Introduction
One of the benefits of the advancement in science is the progress in medical science. Many diseases are being discovered minute by minute every single day yet scientists are countering that progression of diseases even its mutation by discovering treatments that will leave a lasting imprint in the lifestyle of every household. One of these treatments for the devastating diseases of our times is Zovirax.
Almost every household all over the world may have experienced contacting with viral diseases at certain points of their lives. Viral diseases are dangerous because they are easily communicated or transferred to others. Viral diseases are also dangerous because they replicate rapidly if not given proper medical attention immediately.
Zovirax is one of the treatments for viral diseases more specifically for treating viral infections that cause shingles, a painful skin rash caused by the reactivation of the herpes zoster virus or varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and other forms of herpes like colds and chicken pox. Reember, Zovirax is an antiviral. Basically, it works by stopping viral replication. However, Zovirax doesn’t eliminate the virus, is not a cure, and does not prevent transmission to others.
What is Zovirax
Zovirax is the brand name for acyclovir, a synthetic nucleoside analogue active against herpes viruses. Zovirax is a formulation for topical administration. Every gram of ZOVIRAX contains 50 mg of acyclovir and the following inactive ingredients: cetostearyl alcohol, mineral oil, poloxamer 407, propylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulfate, water, and white petrolatum.
The acyclovir is a white, crystalline powder with the molecular formula C8H11N5O3 and a molecular weight of 225. The maximum solubility in water at 37°C is 2.5 mg/mL. The pKa’s of acyclovir are 2.27 and 9.25.
VIROLOGY
Mechanism of Antiviral Action
The activity of acyclovir is highly selective due to its affinity for the enzyme thymidine kinase (TK) encoded by HSV and VZV. The viral enzyme converts acyclovir into acyclovir monophosphate, a nucleotide analogue. This monophosphate is further converted into diphosphate by cellular guanylate kinase and into triphosphate by a number of cellular enzymes. Furthermore, acyclovir triphosphate stops replication of herpes viral DNA and this is accomplished in 3 ways: 1) competitive inhibition of viral DNA polymerase, 2) incorporation into and termination of the growing viral DNA chain, and 3) inactivation of the viral DNA polymerase. Remember that the greater antiviral activity of acyclovir against HSV compared with VZV is due to its more efficient phosphorylation by the viral TK.
Use
First and foremost, do not use Zovirax if you are allergic to any ingredient in Zovirax or to valacyclovir. Furthermore, some medical conditions may interact with Zovirax. Ask first your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions that would hamper the effect of Zovirax especially if any of the following apply to you:
- if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding
- if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement
- if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances
- if you are dehydrated or have a low blood volume, kidney disease, or liver disease
Use Zovirax as directed by your doctor. Always read the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
- Zovirax is usually given as an injection at your doctor's office, hospital, or clinic. If you’ll be using Zovirax at home, a health care provider will teach you how to use it. Important: be sure you understand how to use Zovirax. Follow the steps you are taught when you use a dose. Ask your health care provider if you have any queries.
- Don’t use Zovirax if it contains particles, is cloudy or discolored, or if the vial is cracked or damaged.
- Drinking extra fluids while you’re taking Zovirax is recommended. Ask your doctor for proper guidance.
- Start medication as early as possible following the onset of signs and symptoms of herpes infections.
- To clear up your infection totally, use Zovirax for the full course of treatment. Use it even if you feel better in a few days.
- Store this product, as well as syringes and needles, out of the reach of children and pets. Never ever reuse needles, syringes, or other materials. Contact your health care provider how to dispose of these materials after use. Follow all local rules for disposal of materials.
- If you skip a dose of Zovirax , use it as soon as possible. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Don’t use 2 doses at once.
Most importantly, ask your health care provider any questions you may have in your mind about how to use Zovirax. It really pays to ask for professional help in times like these to avoid unwanted results.
David Kelly is author of “Zovirax to the rescue”
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